Scientists against nuclear
The scientific world does not was still expressed in an organized on a no return to nuclear power in Italy advocated by the government, and now, seems to materialize the new opening and reopening of central Italy, 24 scientists have decided to write up an open letter to candidates Government of the Italian regions. It should be noted, as no candidate, not even the same ruling party, has expressed himself clearly in favor of the atom, with the exception of Roberto Cota, a sign that the ground is slippery and obviously still risk of losing votes. The appeal
"Why Italy should not return to nuclear power but must develop renewable energies," bears the signature 24 of Italian scientists and on the web have already added thousands of signatures of other academics and researchers, as well as those of the citizens and towns, collected separately. To sum up the appeal explains why a return to nuclear power would be losing by choosing ecologically and economically. According to scientists, the correct Italian energy policy should be based primarily on reducing fuel consumption and then on the development of other renewable energies, the costs of which are destined to fall in the future, unlike nuclear, if already expensive today, can only increase in time, to fear that "the construction of power plants, if it ever will, be very probably suspended because in ten years, the nuclear will no longer be economically viable. "
further noted scholars such as investment in renewable energy and will benefit immediately, while the nuclear program, to hope, start to produce energy in ten or fifteen years.
The letter goes on to show how the cost-benefit ratio is in favor of renewable energy without any doubts whatsoever.
Here are the key points against the nuclear
the need for substantial public funding necessary to turn to the Italian nuclear
problems di insicurezza della filiera tecnologica, definiti dagli studiosi “intrinseci” al nucleare stesso
la difficoltà di localizzare siti per lo smaltimento delle sostanze radioattive
scarsità di combustibili nucleari
aumento delle disuguaglianze tra paesi tecnologicamente avanzati e paesi poveri
i siti nucleari potrebbero rappresentare un facile bersaglio terroristico: il nucleare civile sarebbe dunque condannato a diventare nuclear weapons, with a large input of resources and armed forces
nuclear power is not an answer to the problem of energy supply, and will not solve the current crisis
"Why Italy should not return to nuclear power but must develop renewable energies," bears the signature 24 of Italian scientists and on the web have already added thousands of signatures of other academics and researchers, as well as those of the citizens and towns, collected separately. To sum up the appeal explains why a return to nuclear power would be losing by choosing ecologically and economically. According to scientists, the correct Italian energy policy should be based primarily on reducing fuel consumption and then on the development of other renewable energies, the costs of which are destined to fall in the future, unlike nuclear, if already expensive today, can only increase in time, to fear that "the construction of power plants, if it ever will, be very probably suspended because in ten years, the nuclear will no longer be economically viable. "
further noted scholars such as investment in renewable energy and will benefit immediately, while the nuclear program, to hope, start to produce energy in ten or fifteen years.
The letter goes on to show how the cost-benefit ratio is in favor of renewable energy without any doubts whatsoever.
Here are the key points against the nuclear
now reports the appeal
Why Italy should not return to nuclear power but must develop renewable energy
Open Letter to the candidates for Governor in regional elections
We are a group of professors and researchers from universities and research centers. By virtue of knowledge gained from our studies and daily consultations with the international scientific literature, we have long felt the need to express our opinion on the energy problem with the appeal listed on the site: http://www.energiaperilfuturo. com / . Since the regions are directly involved in choices of energy policy, on the occasion of the upcoming election we want to explain to you, government candidates, the reasons why we believe that the return of Italy to nuclear power is a strategic choice wrong and every effort should instead be concentrated development of renewable energy.
Proper energy policy should be based primarily on the reduction of consumption by eliminating waste and increasing energy efficiency, then the development of solar and other renewable energy. The Italian regions can and should play an important role, not least because the European Directive 28/2009 obliges Italy, 2020, to reduce consumption, reduce CO2 emissions and to cover 17% of final consumption with renewable energy. It 'a virtuous circle in which there is no room for nuclear energy.
While the costs of renewable energy will certainly go down in the next 10 years, the costs of nuclear power by their nature are not well defined and set to increase, so that probably the construction of power plants, if it ever will, most likely will be suspended for ten years, nuclear is no longer economically viable.
In many European countries, led by Germany, is undergoing a quiet revolution based on a chain that starts from research in universities, government agencies and companies and extends to the production of materials, testing of equipment on large scale and widespread installation of domestic appliances. The idea of \u200b\u200ba substantial reduction in CO2 emissions and energy independence is strong in those countries, leaving dalla dimensione del sogno utopico e entrando in quella di un concreto fattore di sviluppo che traina l’economia e produce posti di lavoro. L’enorme ulteriore vantaggio di una scelta in favore delle energie rinnovabili sta nel fatto che un euro di investimento oggi può cominciare a produrre energia e a contribuire all’indipendenza energetica in pochi mesi. Nel caso del nucleare, invece gli enormi investimenti di oggi porteranno a produrre nuova energia nel migliore dei casi tra dieci o quindici anni.
Una politica rivolta allo sfruttamento delle potenzialità del solare e delle altre fonti rinnovabili e alla riduzione razionale dei consumi sarà un motore importante per una nuova fase di sviluppo nel nostro paese.
http://www.energiaperilfuturo.it/
Proper energy policy should be based primarily on the reduction of consumption by eliminating waste and increasing energy efficiency, then the development of solar and other renewable energy. The Italian regions can and should play an important role, not least because the European Directive 28/2009 obliges Italy, 2020, to reduce consumption, reduce CO2 emissions and to cover 17% of final consumption with renewable energy. It 'a virtuous circle in which there is no room for nuclear energy.
While the costs of renewable energy will certainly go down in the next 10 years, the costs of nuclear power by their nature are not well defined and set to increase, so that probably the construction of power plants, if it ever will, most likely will be suspended for ten years, nuclear is no longer economically viable.
In many European countries, led by Germany, is undergoing a quiet revolution based on a chain that starts from research in universities, government agencies and companies and extends to the production of materials, testing of equipment on large scale and widespread installation of domestic appliances. The idea of \u200b\u200ba substantial reduction in CO2 emissions and energy independence is strong in those countries, leaving dalla dimensione del sogno utopico e entrando in quella di un concreto fattore di sviluppo che traina l’economia e produce posti di lavoro. L’enorme ulteriore vantaggio di una scelta in favore delle energie rinnovabili sta nel fatto che un euro di investimento oggi può cominciare a produrre energia e a contribuire all’indipendenza energetica in pochi mesi. Nel caso del nucleare, invece gli enormi investimenti di oggi porteranno a produrre nuova energia nel migliore dei casi tra dieci o quindici anni.
Una politica rivolta allo sfruttamento delle potenzialità del solare e delle altre fonti rinnovabili e alla riduzione razionale dei consumi sarà un motore importante per una nuova fase di sviluppo nel nostro paese.
http://www.energiaperilfuturo.it/
Il Comitato energiaperilfuturo.it
CARLO RUBBIA
Intervista a Repubblica
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| Foto Carlo Rubbia |
La vena di amarezza che ha nella voce Carlo Rubbia quando parla dell'Italia non è random. Studies of physics at CERN in Geneva and consulting assignments in the energy sector in Spain, Germany, at the United Nations and European Community have moved away from our country
What do you think of the return to nuclear power in Italy?
"We know where to build the plants? How to dispose of the waste? We are aware that to achieve a central need at least ten years? We realize that four or eight plants are like a swallow in the spring and do not solve the problem, such as France goes ahead with more than fifty plants, and what the French themselves are reviewing their programs on the EPR plant technology, so you prefer to refurbish old reactors rather than building new ones? If there is no answer to these questions, it becomes hard to even discuss the nuclear Italian ".
You are the father of solar power systems thermodynamics. Priolo A, near Syracuse, c ' is the first facility in the making. This is not good news?
"Yes, but let's not forget that the technology developed when I was driving Enea, in Priolo will be able to produce 4 megawatts of power, while Spain has plants under construction to 14 thousand megawatts and has proved able to start a big solar power plant in 18 months. All this while we spend the time to suggest that nuclear reactors will need a decade of work. Of advances in solar is moving them even the American administration, along with the nations of Latin America, Asia, Israel and many Arab countries. The only question now is not whether solar energy will grow, but if you win the race will be Chinese or American. "
Even for solar no shortage of problems. ... Just come a cloud
" Not with the CSP, which is capable of accumulating energy collected durante le ore di sole. La soluzione di sali fusi utilizzata al posto della semplice acqua riesce infatti a raggiungere i 600 gradi e il calore viene rilasciato durante le ore di buio o di nuvole. In fondo, il successo dell'idroelettrico come unica vera fonte rinnovabile è dovuto al fatto che una diga ci permette di ammassare l'energia e regolarne il suo rilascio. Anche gli impianti solari termodinamici - a differenza di pale eoliche e pannelli fotovoltaici - sono in grado di risolvere il problema dell'accumulo".
La costruzione di grandi centrali solari nel deserto ha un futuro?
"Certo, i tedeschi hanno già iniziato a investire grandi capitali nel progetto Desertec. La difficoltà è che per muovere le turbine è necessaria molta acqua. Perfino le centrali nucleari in Europa durante l'estate hanno problemi. E nei paesi desertici reperire acqua a sufficienza è davvero un problema. Ecco perché in Spagna stiamo sviluppando nuovi impianti solari che funzionano come i motori a reazione degli aerei: riscaldando aria compressa. I jet sono ormai macchine affidabili e semplici da costruire. Così diventeranno anche le centrali solari del futuro, se ci sarà la volontà politica di farlo".
Intervento di Carlo Rubbia ad Annozero:
"Dobbiamo tener realize that nuclear power is an activity that can only be done in very long time. We know that to build a nuclear power plant takes about five or six years, including ten in Italy. The bank that gives 4 to 5 billion euros to create successful, if all goes well, to repay their investment in approximately 40 to 50 years. "
" There is a second problem: an error that often people perform. It is believed that nuclear energy can reduce energy costs. This is not true: a recent study has shown, for example, that the costs of nuclear power in Switzerland will continue to increase.
costs for nuclear vary greatly from country to country : Germany has a price of about two and a half times more than the French. This is due to the fact that nuclear power in France was financed for years by the State, then by the citizens. Even today, the 30,000 people who work for the French nuclear are paid through massive state investment. The increase in the number of nuclear power in the world in recent years has caused also a significant increase in the cost of uranium, which is unlikely to come back down. Nuclear power is therefore very expensive, even in the long run. "
" I really think that if we were to adopt nuclear power in Italy we could do it, but we should organize outline procedures to support this initiative . The amount of energy required is comparable to the French from Italy. Therefore if we wanted to produce 30% of electricity with nuclear power, as happens in Spain, Germany and England, there would need 15 to 20 nuclear power plants. In practice, one for the region.
Each of these plants will produce a certain amount of slag, a very serious problem. In America the issue is topical. Both Obama and Clinton have made clear that Yukke Mountain - the largest deposit of waste in the U.S. - should be eliminated to find a site more suitable for the storage of radioactive waste. The solution to isolate them and bury them in fact is not as effective as one would like. "
" I wonder then: if you can not solve the problem of building an incinerator to be able to burn garbage, as we can arrange these large quantities of nuclear waste that nobody in the world knows yet disposed of?
In reality, the answer was technically to retrieve the waste and make them harmless. I had a wonderful program to implement this technology to burn the dross of matter with accelerators. The program has been rejected and not funded by Italy, much to push me to emigrate to Spain. "
Scientists in favor of nuclear
Led by Umberto Veronesi and Margherita Hack, a seventy scientists and intellectuals close to the PD wrote a letter to party secretary Pierluigi Bersani and asked him not to close our eyes to the issue of nuclear energy, avoiding "careless and anti-scientific attitudes.
" The data you are clear: we import more 80 percent of primary energy we need, mainly from countries geopolitically problematic. Produce electricity for 70 percent fossil fuel. About 15 to import from abroad and mainly of nuclear origin. If it does not matter to our dependence on fossil fuels (gas and coal in the first place) would rise more than 80 percent. With renewables, if we exclude hydro, historical heritage of our country, but almost does not increase, we produce about 6 per cent. Solar energy for which they have invested about 4 billion so far, well rewarded by generous incentives granted to date by the Italian electricity system, contribute to our electricity needs of 0.2 percent. "
The letter, also published in part on the Corriere della Sera not asked to consider nuclear power as the ultimate solution to all energy problems, but as a way of combating emissions of CO2, while those renewable energy sources are able to give us all the sustenance we need. Then he attacks the attitude of the Democratic Party on this issue.
" It is incomprehensible, however, the sbrigatività and carelessness with which, often by members of the Democratic Party, discusses topics that deserve discussion and informed with facts. We in the country heard of "phosphorescent farms" and other falsehoods of this kind, which clash with the spirit of common sense and rational, serious approach to the problem. Just across the border and visit French nuclear power plants close to the chateaux of the Loire valley or those in Switzerland to understand the enormity of such statements. Or with regard to the costs of the nuclear program: incomprehensible without a complete discussion of all the reference data (generation costs of kWh, cost of fuel, plant life, etc.) and without regard to the costs of alternative Upon surrender its nuclear program. Not to mention the issue of security aims to silence the track record of safety of nuclear installations that is unmatched by that of any other energy supply chain. "
The group concludes by stating that the disappearance of open and progressive spirit that once made it possible to to be the center point of reference for scientists and intellectuals looking for discussion and debate.
Umberto Veronesi"Dear Secretary, avoid the risk of PD to take root in an anti-scientific spirit, an attitude that would isolate the elitist and snobbish 'Italy, not only in this field, the boundaries of innovation. Large areas of scientific and technical intelligentsia, that once looked to the center as the most open and modern Italy, do not understand us more and look elsewhere. We ask that you acknowledge that nuclear power is neither left nor right, and that, indeed, the world leader in many of the governments of left and progressive link it to develop an economic system and way of life and society of echo -compatible: Brazil with Lula, the U.S. with Obama, Hatoyama, Japan, Great Britain with Brown. We ask that you ensure that national and local offices of the Democratic Party, the press, the headquarters of external reflection allowing an open and pragmatic. You will feel unnatural and incomprehensible any closure prior to a matter that affects the strategic choices energy policy, technological innovation and industrial development so critical and so long-term impact for our country. "
Interview Punch
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| Photo by Umberto Veronesi |
In our country could be implemented "from 4 to 8 nuclear plants and no region, not even the Lombardy and 'excluded from the choice of sites.
"I was just appointed head of the authority ' nuclear safety, but the confirmation of the appointment must come from Parliament, then there will be the basis to proceed expeditiously. "
"The waste problem relating to health does not exist," Veronesi said again, adding that "I could sleep very safe even if I had the dross in my bedroom. The first objective of the Agency and 'safety and waste are not a problem. " Veronesi has finally added that part of the slag may also be sent to Spain.
"I could sleep peacefully at home with the radioactive waste."
Umberto Veronesi, the future president of the for safety at nuclear power (the final vote of the Commission meeting and Environment activities and production was delayed until today, ed) resolutely denies that radioactive waste can pose a hazard to health.
"The waste is not a health problem, it is a small amount of radioactive material which is enclosed by four blocks of lead, which is glazed." So "do not take radiation, I could sleep in a room with nuclear waste and not emerge even a small amount of radiation"
phrases designed to create controversy. Veronesi recognizes that the storage of waste can be problematic, but only "with time "and in any case" in Italy there are very few. " And he wants to look at what happens in other European countries, particularly Spain, Sweden and France. "In Spain they made a call to ask what the common wish to have the waste and there is a race for them because several cities have understood that those making the sacrifice, who takes this commitment has a host of benefits such that common
that will have a lot of pressure. "
that will have a lot of pressure. "
Nuclear power plants. How many?
"Nuclear power is not a choice - Veronesi attacks - is a necessity so I'm sure we could put our plans in place for four or even eight nuclear power stations. "
And mostly where? 'All Regions may be eligible to host a central'. And as we remember that in Milan a few miles from Lombardy, Switzerland, there are already five stations and "the news release yesterday that they are doing three more, then a total of eight power plants close to our doors to a wider population small Lombardy '.
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